1. They have a rich blood supply to keep a concentration gradient . 2. These proteins use ATP hydrolysis to pump materials against their concentration gradients . 3. Green arrows indicate net movement of K + down a concentration gradient . 4. A concentration gradient is established between the root and the soil water. 5. This causes a large concentration gradient of calcium across the cnidocyte plasma membrane. 6. Water passively follows the sodium out of the cell along its concentration gradient . 7. The penetration rate is determined by the concentration gradient . 8. According to the theory, sometimes water is absorbed against a concentration gradient . 9. Continuous blood flow in the capillaries and constant breathing maintain a steep concentration gradient . 10. They stay on the path through the use of a concentration gradient of pheromones.
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